Blog Categories: How-To Guides

Electronic drive-by-wire throttle body assembly on a workshop bench, showing the throttle bore, integrated actuator motor and electrical connector

Throttle Body Fault Codes: P0121, P0122, P0221, P0222, P0638, P2100, P2101 and P2135 Explained

Summary: A throttle body fault code tells you what the engine ECU measured, not what has failed. P0121, P0122, P0221,...
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A plug-in mass air flow sensor, its electrical connector visible on top and its shrouded sensing probe below, seated at the mouth of a corrugated intake duct on a workshop bench

P0101 Fault Code: Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Circuit Range/Performance

Summary: P0101 is precise about one thing and silent about everything else. It says the engine ECU has compared the...
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A mechanic's gloved hand holding a handheld OBD diagnostic scan tool in a workshop, its screen showing a red live-data trace, while investigating a lean-running fault

P0171 Fault Code: Engine Running Lean (System Too Lean, Bank 1)

Summary: P0171 is not a complaint about a part. It is the engine control unit reporting that it has spent...
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Amber electric power steering warning light illuminated on a car instrument cluster between the MPH speedometer and rev counter

How to Fix an Electric Power Steering Warning Light

An electric power steering (EPS) warning light means the control system has detected a fault and may reduce or switch...
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How To Test & Replace ABS Reluctor Rings

Summary: The ABS reluctor ring (also called a tone ring or ABS ring) is the toothed component that rotates with...
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ABS warning light lit on the dashboard of a right-hand-drive UK car with the ignition on

How to Diagnose an ABS Pump Constantly Running

Summary: An ABS pump that runs continuously — humming or whirring even after the ignition is off — is a...
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